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1492 - Columbus' fleet anchors at "Fernandina" (Long Island, Bahamas)
1600 - Olivier van Noorts ships reach Philippines
1867 - Alaska adopts Gregorian calendar, crosses intl date line
1995 - Skye Bridge connecting mainland Highland with the Isle of Skye, Scotland.
2012 - The extrasolar planet Alpha Centauri Bb is discovered.
World Food Day
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1582 - Many Catholic countries switch to Gregorian calendar, skip 10 days. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
1827 - Charles Darwin admitted to Christ's College, Cambridge
1928 - German airship Graf Zeppelin completes its first trans-Atlantic flight, landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey.
2001 - NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.
INTERNATIONAL DAY OF RURAL WOMEN
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1492 - Columbus leaves San Salvador; arrives in Santa Maria of Concepcion (Bahamas)
1882 - University of the Punjab is founded in present day Pakistan.
1912 - Felix Baumgartner jumps from the stratosphere to try to break the record of the highest freefall jump, at an altitude of 39,068 meters (128,18 ft).
1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 7; The first live telecast from a manned spacecraft, launched by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1994 - Space probe Magellan burns up in atmosphere of Venus
WORLD STANDARDS DAY
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1773 - The Whirlpool Galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier
1792 - Washington lays cornerstone of Executive Mansion (White House)
1884 - Greenwich established as universal time meridian of longitude
1923 - Angora (Ankara) becomes Turkey's capital
INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION
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1492 - Christopher Columbus's expedition makes landfall on Caribbean island (likely Watling Island, Bahamas). The explorer believes he has reached East Asia (OS 21 Oct)
1792 - First celebration of Columbus Day in the USA held in New York
1822 - Second eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain
1854 - Lincoln University founded as Ashmun Institute
1886 - Hurricane & sea surge kills 250 at Indianola Texas
1968 - Equatorial Guinea (Spanish Guinea) declares independence from Spain. (Independence Day)
Columbus Day in Costa Rica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, El Salvador, USA, Uruguay, Chile, Columbia, Belize